![]() ![]() Thomson W, Poulton R, Broadbent JM, et al. Journal of General Internal Medicine, 20(1), 33ā37. Respiratory Effects of Marijuana and Tobacco Use in a U.S. (2007), Effects of cannabis on pulmonary structure, function and symptoms Thorax, 62:12 1058-1063. Aldington, S., Williams M., Nowitz, M., Weatherall, M., Pritchard, A., McNaughton, A., Robinson, G., Beasley, R. The marijuana user, unlike the tobacco cigarette user, and sometimes a person uses both drugs, draws the smoke to get the THC 'high' effect and fills and holds the smoke in the mouth, bronchial tubes and lungs increasing the risks of these diseases, in the same way multiple tobacco cigarettes smoked and less smoke retention creates the same risks (Aldington et al.,2007). The use pattern may be less marijuana cigarettes smoked than tobacco cigarettes, but the effects of using either drug is the same. The inhalation of particulates in marijuana smoke, even with the use of a water pipe, makes the marijuana user, like the tobacco user, at risk for these diseases (Moore et al.,2005 Thomson, et al., 2008). Respiratory and dental diseases are other cautions in regard to chronic marijuana use. Shared Decision Making and Communication.Scientific Discovery and the Future of Medicine.Health Care Economics, Insurance, Payment.Clinical Implications of Basic Neuroscience.Challenges in Clinical Electrocardiography.DSST indicates Digit Symbol Substitution Test RAVLT, Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test. The inverse of the Stroop score is used in the present analyses to allow interpretation of worse cognitive function with negative standardized scores for all 3 cognitive function tests. Histograms describe the distribution of marijuana-years in participants in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults study with any exposure to marijuana by presenting the frequency of participants in each considered interval. All test results are standardized, such that a 1-U negative deviation indicates 1-SD worse cognitive function than the mean. Results are adjusted for age, race/ethnicity, sex, study site, educational level, cigarette smoking, alcohol use, illicit drug use, cardiovascular risk factors, depression, mirror star tracing test score at the year 2 visit, and differential likelihood of follow-up (see the Methods section). Years of marijuana use modeled flexibly and current marijuana users at the year 25 visit excluded (nā=ā392). ![]()
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